Abstract Traditionally pupils with special needs have been viewed as recipients and beneficiaries of service-learning devises This article demonstrates that service-learning pedagogy can be used to transform the traditional "deficit" prototype into a "reciprocal empowerment" original The authors employed a qualitative and quantitative design.

Abstract

Traditionally pupils with special needs have been viewed as recipients and beneficiaries of service-learning devises This article demonstrates that service-learning pedagogy can be used to transform the traditional "deficit" prototype into a "reciprocal empowerment" original The authors employed a qualitative and quantitative design. Using the qualitative course "Portraiture", each project was analyzed and categorized in subordination to the "deficit," "empowerment," and "reciprocal empowerment" categories. The proceeds showed a significant decrease in the percentage of shoot forwards under the "deficit" model, whereas the "reciprocal empowerment" pattern perspective became more prominent across the four years of the close attention The authors conclude that by means of reconceptualizing ...